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l (No Model.) 4 Sheets- Sheet 1.

s. T. Lo-CKWOOD.

MACHINE PoR TUNNING BAGS.

No. 350,461. Patented Oct. 5, 1886.

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(No Model.) V 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

' S. T. LOGKWOOD.

l MACHINE PoR TURNING BAGS. No. 350,461. ted 0015.6, 1886.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-:Sheet 4.

s. T. LooKWQoD. MAG-NINE PoR TURNING BAGS. y No. 350,461. Patented Oct. 5, 1886.

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l there shown.

UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE. c

SAMUEL- T. LOCKWOOD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO D. J: WHITING, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR TURNING BAGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No 350,461, dated October 5, 1886.

Application filed May 23, 1883. Renewed March 26,1884. Serial No. 125.631. (No model.) Patented in England September 2l, 1883, No. 4,523, and in Germany January 20, 1884. No. 28,928.

T0 @ZZ whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL T. LocKwoon, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Turning Bags, of which the following, in connection with. the accompanying drawings, is a speci- 'catiom i Inthe drawings, Figure 1- is a top or plan view of a bag-turning machine embodying my invention, representing the same with the bagsupporting platform or table removed, and showing the ily broken off or detached. Fig. y2 is a like View of the stripping-rollers and fly attachment. Fig. 3 is a detail, the same being a top or plan View of the rear portion of one of the bag reversing or spreading arms and the parts to which they are applied. Fig. 4 is a section in the plane of the lineas x, Fig. 3, Aviewed in the direction indicated by the arrow there shown, Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the machine, excepting that the fly is not Fig. 6 is a like view of the stripping-rollers and fly attachment, showing ltheir relation to each other. and the main part of the machine. Fig. 7 is a section in the plane of the line y y, Fig. 5, viewed in the direction indicated by the arrow therein shown. Fig. 8 is a section in the plane of the line z z, Fig. 1,'viewed ,in the direction indicated by the arrow therein shown. Fig. 9 is a detail, the same being an enlarged representation of a portion of the bag-holding'mechanism,shown as detached from the main frame, and showing the same parts or portions of parts as they appear in a vertical cross-section of Fig. 8, taken immediate1y in front of the thimbles, the movable fingers being represented as lowered. Fig. 10 is a section in the plane of the line a." Fig. 9, viewed in the direction indicated by the arrow there shown, and also showing a part of the main frame, the mov-l able fingers being shown as raised. Fig. 1l is a detail, the same being a vertical cross-sec tion in the plane of the line y/ y', Fig. 10. Fig.

` 12 is a detail of the reversing mechanism.

13 is a top view of the shipper-lever. Flg. 14-is a like representation of the same enlarged, and also showing the reverselyrotating shipper-cams; and Fig. 15 is a front representation of some of the parts shown in Fig. 12.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts.

A represents they stationary part or main frame of the machine. l

B is a traveling or reciprocating framel or carriage. y

C C are bg turning or reversing arms.

D is a transverse rod supported in and carried by the carriage B, and E E are plates mounted on the rod D, and attached adjustably thereto by means of set screws a a.

a ct are segmental slots in the forward parts of the plates E E. l

rIhe arms C C are each pivoted at their rear ends to the rear parts of the'plates E E, as shown at b,- and b is a screw passing upward through the slot a in each plate E and entering the arm C pivoted to the plate containing that slot.

F F are springs, each attached to a shoulder on one of the plates E, and also connected to the arm C, pivoted to that plate. These ,features of construction relating to the manner of applying the arms C C to the carriage B are clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4; and on reference to Fig. 1 it will be perceived that the arms bow outwardly somewhat, their forward ends being nearer together than the partsimmediately behind them, it being intended that the forward parts of the arms should be parallel when the said arms are forced apart in the manner and for the purpose hereinafter referred to. When these arms are not actuated, they rest against the shoulder E on the plates E E, and are retained yieldingly there by means of the springs F F. These arms, therefore, may not only be made to diverge, but may also be adjusted laterally on the rod D by loosening the screws aa and shifting the plates E E for that purpose.

G is a rack connected to and carried bythe carriagel B, and H H are rollers, also connected to the saidcarriage. v

I is a spur-wheel mounted on a shaft, I', and engaging the rack G. J and J are shafts turni ngin suitable bearings.

K is a belt-wheel rigidly mounted on the shaft J, and K and K are loose belt-wheels on the same shaft. v

L is a cog-wheel rigidly attached to one side of the wheel K", and L is aspur Wheel or pinion rigidly attached to the shaft J and engaging the wheel I.

M and M are cog-wheels rigidly attached to the shaft J. The Wheel M engages the wheel L, and the wheel M engages the Wheel I.

N is a drive-belt passing about the wheel K. This belt may be driven by means of any suitable driving wheels or gearing-for example, by means of a pulley, K, on the shaft K- to which means, however, I do not here intend to make special claim.

O is a pivoted lever carrying fixed studs or tbimbles O O.

P P are cam-shaped extensions rigidly atached to the shaft l and arranged for contact with the saidstudsor thimbles as the said shaft rotates. y

The cam-shaped extensions P P may be deicribed in general terms as being diamond- ;haped, and one of the said cams is set somevhat in advance of and laterally away from the other, as shown, so as to operate in coniection with the studs O O', in the manner iereinafter described. `The belt N, when lriven continuously in the same direction vhile on the vwheel K, turns the shaft J and vheel L', and lthe latter rotates the shaft l And wheel I, which wheel in turn moves the arriage B and the parts mounted thereon. is the shaft I rotates, the extensions or cams P strike the studs O O and shift or vibrate he lever O, thereby carrying the belt N to be wheel K, and holding it there, it being ,nderstood that th'e said belt passes freely hrough a loop or staple, c, on the free end of he lever O, as is clearly indicated in Figs. 12 `nd 13. As soon as the belt passes to the wheel K, that wheel, aswell as the wheels L, I, and M', is rotated, the latter in such a diection as to reverse the direction of rotation f the wheel I, thereby reversing the movelent of the carriage B, and reciprocating it utomatically. The function of this part of ue driving-gear is to reverse the direction oi' iovement of the arms C C; but any wellnown and suitable automatic reversing-gearig may be employed for the same purpose, [though that described may be employed, in 1y opinion,with great advantage in machines f this class.

1R is a tilting-lever, having a cam-shaped pper edge. The rollers H H are arranged to perate upon the cam-shaped edge of the le er R in the manner hereinafter explained.

dis a loop or staple applied to the end of ne lever R. n

S is a rod turning in bearings in the frame t' the machine, and S S are arms adj ustably itached to the said rod, and provided on ieir outer or free ends with thimbles or loose eeves e e.

'I is an arm depending from the rod S and arms C O move.

passing through the loop d freely. As the lever R is tilted up and down, the arms S S are raised and lowered, or also tilted or rocked,

occupying a vertical position when the end ofV the lever next to them is lowered, and an inclined position when the lever is raised, as is clearly indicated by the broken and full lines, n

respectively, in Fig. 10. When these arms stand vertically, the thimbles e e are in position to strike the inner edges of the arms C Cy and spread them apart suiiciently to make the forwar portions o. those arms parallel. This contact of the thimbles with the -arms takes place near tbecentral part ofthe latter. When the -lever R rises, the thimbles e e move downward and out of the way ofthe said arms, which are then drawn to theirvoriginal D' is a frame consisting ot' the vertical-rods ff, of the horizontal 'rodf, and of the crossbar f A A C l l/ lingers C C', by preference, are cylindrical, and the fingers C C are grooved or crescentshaped in transverse section, to ,receive the tngers C C, as is clearly indicated in Fig.-11. rlhe rodsff move in boxes g, rigidly attached to a cross-piece, y, for-.ning a part of the frame of the machine. f

E is a rod passing freely through the bar f, and headed or enlarged on its lower end. The upper end of the rod E isjointed or connected to the lever It. 4

F is a roller connected to therod f.

are fingers applied to the rod f. The

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When the lever R descends, the framerD and the parts mounted thereon or attached thereto also descend until supported by the cross-bar g. As the said lever ascends, the headed end of the rod Elifts the frame D and the parts attached thereto. .By this means the fingers C C are carried to and from the lingers O' O', with the result hereinafter defscribed. The function of the fingers C' C and C C is to hold the mouth of the bag open While the bag is being turned. The descent,

of the frame Dmay be aided either by springs It h or by means of the weight h'; butusually neither of these aids will be necessary, and I have not therefore shown them in all the `iigures of my drawings.

G G are rolia-e il.; perimeters ol' which' meet in a line in the plane in which the rection.

In Letters Patent granted to me the 22d day of April, 1884., and numbered 297,141, for improvements in machines for -turning bags, I have shown and described means for permitting this yielding movement of the upper The upper one of these rollers should yield slightly in a vertical diroller, and do not therefore here describe the same with particularity.

The rollers. G G may be driven in any wellknown or suitable way-for eXample,by means of a sprocket-wheel, Q', on the shaft K, a sprocket-wheel, Q, on the spindle of the lower roller G', and a drive-chain, Q, passing about the said wheels, it being understood that the carry the outer ends of the arms C C to the the pulley M.

rollers G G.

H is a buffer arranged to be struck by the end of the rack G just before the latter reaches the end of its stroke.

I is a cam-block on the upper edge of the rack G.

J is a table or platform, preferably removable, and Kwis the main driving-shaft.

The machine as thus far described is complete in its construction and operation; but, as I employ a fly attachment in connection therewith, I will describe that attachment briefly before describing more fully the operation ofthe main parts of the machine, or those parts which constitute the principal features of my invention.

L isy a fly, and L is a shaft to which it is rigidly attached, the said shaft turning in suitable bearings in the frame A.

M is a wheel or pulley upon the said shaft, and Nis a grooved segment on the same shaft.

O is a cord or rope attached at one end to The other end of this rope passes through the floor and has a weight attached thereto, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 6.

P is a pivoted arm or lever carrying the pulley P".

Q isa cam or curved arm rigidly attached to the shaft I.

B is a rope or cord attached to the re'ar or lower end of the segment N, and passing thence to and around the pulley P, and thence to an upright, S, to which it is attached.

T is a pulley, also carried by the arm P. The pulley T is arranged tobe acted upon by the cam Q, with the result hereinafter described.

The following is the mode of operation of the machine now described: A number of bags, with their side and'bottom seams outward, are placed one upon the other upon the table J, the open ends or mouths of the bags being toward the ngers or. bag holders C C. The attendant then draws the uppermost bag toward the said fingers until the latter enter the mouth of the bag far enough to hold the bag securely, the fingers C C then lying in the lingers G C, as shown in Figs. 5, 10, and

11, it being understood that the machine has first been set in operation, and that the bags are to be fedforward when the said fingers are in the position described,the operator r taking advantage of the movements of the machine to apply the bags to the bag-holding fingers, one after the other. By the time the bags are applied in this manner the ngers C C drop or fall away from the fingers C C', thus stretching the mouth of the bag open and holdingit by tensionn the descent of the fingers CQ"being permitted by the tilting movement of the lever R when acted on by a roller, H, on the carriage B during the movement of the latter toward the said fingers, the frame D being supported by the rod E', attached to the said lever, as already described. When the wheel or roller H strikes the cam of the lever B in this manner, it tilts down that e-nd ofthe lever which it strikes, and the lever is,

owing to the shape of its cam portion, re-

tained in this position while the carriage B advances. As the carriage B advances, the arms C C are carried forward and past the thimbles e e, and the forward ends of the arms strike that part of the bag supported by the lingers C C. The continued forward movement of the arms C C forces or carries the bag through its mouth,I and it is thus reversed, bringing the seams upon the inside of the bag. The contact of the thimbles e e with the contracted parts of the arms C @spreads these arms apart, so that the bag is thereby drawn out or stretched laterally', it being remembered that the thimbles e e are thrown up for contact with the said arms at the same time that the fingers C C are allowed to drop. The position of the fingers C C', C C, thimbles ee, arms G C, cam or lever R, and rollers H H with relation to each other at the completion of the reversal vof the bag is clearly shown in Fig. S. By

this time the bottom of the reversed bag meets the rollers G G', which rotate in such a direc- 'tion as to draw the bag from the arms C C and fingers C' C, the latter rising or yielding, if need be, to permit the disengagement of' the bag. l e

In reversing bags of fine or delicate texture, I employ the cam-block I in conjunction with the. roller F for the purpose of raising the IOO IlO

arms C C by a positive movement in order that the bag may be easily detached from the bag-holding fingers. The buffer H aids in stopping the forward movement of the carriage.

B, and helps to start the carriage in the reverse direction from that described. The form of the cam projections on the upper edge of the lever R is such that after the carriage B has retreated some way the rollers H H permit the said lever to assume a .horizontal position and retain it in that position until the opposite cam upon the lever is reached by the roller H, located for contact therewith, and that end of the lever is thereby depressed and the other end raised. This change in the position of the lever B throws the thimbles e e down away from the arms C C in time to allow the latter ISO to be drawn toward each other by the springs F F, so that the said arms, after leaving the bag, will assumea position for entering the next bag, and the fingers @"0" are also raised up to the fingers C' C', so that the next bag may be applied to them with facility, as before described. In Fig. 5 the' parts there shown are represented in the position they occupy when the fingers C' C" are ready to receive the bags, it being understood that the machine may bea double-header, or adapted to operate at both ends. It is also to be understood that the machine is automatically reversible in any Well-known or suitable Way, but by preference by the means already described. `When the bags are presented to the rollers G' G', the fiy L'l is in the -position indicated by the dotted lines shown at L" in Fig. 5, being there held by reason of the contact of the cam Q with the roller T', which contact is then such as to hold the lever P' in the position shown in Fig. 8, thepulley I?" then being in such a position that the cord R' Will hold the fiy to receive the bags. When the machine is reversed, the cam Q moves in such a direction that the weight upon the cord O" will shift the fiy into the position shown by the full lines at L" in Fig. 6, thus depositing the bags in a pile either upon the iioor or upon a fiy-table arranged to receive them. it being understood that the rotation of the rollers G' G' carries the bags through between them, and that the bags then slip down upon the inclined fiy.

It will be perceived from the foregoing description that the bags will be reversed with facility, and also fully and evenly stretched out in a lateral direction, and pressed and neatly piled in order.

In the aforesaid Letters Patent of the United States of America, No. 297,141, for improvements in machines for turning bags, and bearing date the 22d day of April, 1884, the application for which was tiled March 8, 1883, I have shown and described certain improvements or features of construction, some of which, broadly considered, are also herein shown and described. For eXample,in the Said Letters Patent I have shown separable bagholding fingers in combination with reciproeating and yieldingly contraetible and expansible bag-turners androtary strip ping-rollers, a tilting cam or lever, and a traveler with means for operating the bag-holding h'ngers from the said cam or lever, and for reciprocating the said traveler; means for supporting the fixed bag-holding fingers,for carrying the movable bag-holding fingers, and springs for depressing the movable fingers to cause them to distend the mouth of a bag when placed `on the bag-holding fingers; a table for supporting the said bags, and springs for rendering the bag-turners yieldingly expansible and contractible, and these parts I have shown in operative connection with certain other minor features of construction employed for the purpose of properly supporting' the chief features of construction already referred to, and for rendering the said parts and groups of parts operative in connection with each other in the same machine, but I do not here intend to claim, broadly, any of the features of construction and operation which I have now referred to thus particularly, as shown and described and set forth in the said Letters Patent, my purpose now being to cover certainimprovements upon the said machine, which I have described in the foregoing specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the fingers C' C' with the fingers C" C", the latter being adapted to receive the fingers C' C', and one set of the said fingers being movable with relation to the other,supports for the said fingers, and means for moving one set of the said fingers with relation to the other, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination, substantially as specified, of the laterally-yielding bow-shaped and reciprocating arms C C, the arms S' S', and the fingers G' and C", with means for reciprocating and contracting the arms C C for opv erating the arms S' ",supports for the said fingers, and means for moving one set of the said fingers with relation to the other, for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination of the pivoted and expansible bag-reversing arms C C, diverging from their forward or free ends rearward, and then being contracted or converging, with means for contracting, expanding, and reciprocating the said arms, and with means for holding open the month of a bag, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination, substantially as specified, of the bag-reversing arms C C, the tilting or pivoted arms S' S', and the bag-holding fingers C' C", with means for operating the arms G C and S' S', supports Vfor the said fingers, and means for moving one set of the said fingers with relation to the other, for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination of the bag-supporting table J", a holder for holding the bags open, consisting of the separable fingers C' and C" and supports for the same, one set of fingers being groove'd to receive the other set, the reciprocating, yielding, and bow-shaped reversing-arms C C, means fordrawing the said arms together yieldingly, means for reciprocating them, and the tilting arms S' S', with the tilting-lever It, and means for operating it, and means for operating the fingers C" C" and S' S' from said lever, all adapted for operation in connection with each other, substantially as and for the purposes specitied.

` SAMUEL 'I. LOCKWOOD.

Vitnesses:

H. F. NIoKERsoN, A. W. SMLTH.

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